About the T1D Index

According to T1D Index Version 3.0, an estimated 9.5 million people were living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) across the globe in 2025, making it one of the fastest-growing non-communicable conditions today.

The T1D Index is a first of its kind data simulation tool that measures and maps the human and public health impact of T1D. The Index uniquely illuminates the human burden of T1D by highlighting “missing people” and “healthy years lost” to the condition.

Starting with its 10th edition, the IDF Diabetes Atlas uses the T1D Index for its type 1 diabetes estimates.

T1D has a profound human, emotional, and financial burden for those who live with it – and that burden is rising rapidly. However, simulations from the T1D Index have identified four key interventions that could change the current trajectory of T1D and its impact on people around the world. The T1D Index helps shine a light on the challenges we face, giving us a chance to act now.

How was the T1D Index developed?

The simulation is informed by 400+ publications around the globe (dating back to 1890) and a global survey of more than 500 endocrinologists. These data sources have been fitted to mathematical and machine-learning models that speak to: 

  • Rates of new cases 
  • The risk of complications and mortality
  • Prevailing standards of medical care

The T1D Index simulations provide the most accurate estimate of T1D currently available with version 1.0 testing to +/- 6 percent against real-world data. This is a significant improvement from leading existing estimates that test to +/- 35 percent against the same data. 

The T1D Index and accompanying research has been published in one of the most trusted medical journals, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. The latest results, from T1D Index Version 3.0, were published in Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice in 2025.

You can dive deeper into the details here:

How will the T1D Index evolve over time?

This work is the basis for a publicly available, open-source model that will be updated annually as further incidence, prevalence, and mortality data become available. In future releases, the Index will expand to include T1D’s impact on economic costs, mental health, and quality of life. The data will also be broken down at regional and demographic levels.

If you have ideas or data that may improve the T1D Index, please let us know at hello@t1dindex.org and sign up to be involved in future model development.

Who’s behind the T1D Index?

The Index was developed collaboratively by Breakthrough T1D, Life for a Child, International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD), International Diabetes Federation (IDF).

These organizations represent part of the diverse global diabetes community, and this coalition is committed to working together to expand this partnership.

Our aim is to provide robust, credible data that inspires action and helps save and improve innumerable lives.

Founding T1D Index Partners

Breakthrough T1D

Breakthrough T1D is the leading global organization harnessing the power of research, advocacy, and community engagement to advance life-changing breakthroughs for type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Life for a Child

Life for a Child supports children and young people living with diabetes in under-resourced communities. They partner with local clinics in 44 countries and work to ensure every young person has access to the insulin and supplies they need. Life for a Child’s vision statement is, “No child should die of diabetes.”

International Diabetes Federation

The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) is an umbrella organization of over 240 national diabetes associations in 160 countries and territories. IDF is engaged in action to tackle diabetes from the local to the global level, representing the interests of the growing number of people with diabetes and those at risk.

ISPAD – International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes

ISPAD is the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes. The mission of ISPAD is to create a better world for children, adolescents, and young adults with diabetes. Additionally, ISPAD, in partnership with Breakthrough T1D, funds the annual Allan Drash Clinical Fellowship, which gives members based in developing and middle income countries the opportunity to expand their clinical experience in diabetes management.

T1D Index Core Team

Dr. Fei Wang, T1D Index Principal Data Scientist.

Dr Wang/Fei specializes in data interrogation and algorithm development. Dr. Wang works at Breakthrough T1D.

Dr Graham Ogle, T1D Index Clinical Aspects and Epidemiology.

Dr Ogle/Graham works for Diabetes Australia as General Manager, Life for a Child.

Professor Dianna J Magliano OAM, Co-chair of the IDF Diabetes Atlas, Head of Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute.

Dr David Maahs, ISPAD representative. Dr Maahs is a Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology at Stanford University.

Dr. Stephanie Pearson, specializing in global health policy and advocacy, serving as Associate Vice President of Global Responsibility at Breakthrough T1D.

Dr Jayanthi Maniam, Statistics and Systematic Reviews Specialist. Dr Maniam/Jayanthi works for Diabetes Australia as Research Officer, Life for a Child.

Dr Aveni Haynes, Epidemiology specialist. Dr Haynes/Aveni works for Diabetes Australia as Research Associate, Life for a Child.

Renza Scibilia, specializing in communications and advocacy, serving as Director of Community Building & Communications, Global Responsibility at Breakthrough T1D.

T1D Index Contributors

Mark Barone, PhD
Brazil

Uroš Bodanović
Serbia

Luis Eduardo Calliari, MD
Brazil

Professor Stephen Colagiuri
Australia
Co-author

Jeremiah B Cooper
Liberia

Dr Carine de Beaufort
Guest professor, Pediatric Diabetologist –Endocrinologist            
ISPAD President  2020-2022, Luxembourg
Co-author

Professor Kim Donaghue
The Children’s Hospital at Westmead and University of Sydney
Australia
Co-author

Dr Ileana E Gill
Co-founder Guerreros Azules
Venezuela

Jami Goodman
United States of America

Gabriel Gregory, MD
Australia
Co-author

Ragnar Hanas MD, PhD
Sweden

Lala Jackson
United States of America

Professor Partha Kar
MD FRCP
United Kingdom

Ms Emma Louise Klatman
United Kingdom

George Kwayu
Chairman, Tanzania Diabetes Youth Alliance
Tanzania

Sarah E. Linklater (née Allan) PhD
Canada
Co-author

Professor Ronald Ma
Hong Kong, China
Co-author

Professor Dianna Magliano OAM
Australia
Co-author

Domingos Augusto Malerbi MD, PhD
Brazil

Dr Jayanthi Maniam
Australia
Co-author

Dídac Mauricio
Spain

Bridget McNulty
Co-founder, Sweet Life Diabetes Community
South Africa

Karla F S Melo, PhD in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Coordinator of the Public Health Department from the Brazilian Diabetes Society, Brazil

Dr Vishwanathan Mohan
India

Dr Graham Ogle
General Manager, Life for a Child Program
Diabetes NSW, Australia
Co-author

Fiona Ooi
Malaysia

Anna Pank
Director, Global Responsibility, Breakthrough T1D

Professor Trevor J Orchard
MD, M Med Sci, FAHA, FACE
United States of America
Co-author

Christopher C Patterson 
Honorary Professor of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Queen’s University Belfast, United Kingdom

Priyanka Rai, MSc
Australia
Co-author

Professor Marian Rewers
MD PhD
United States of America

Tom Robinson
VP Global Access, Breakthrough T1D
Australia
Co-author

Dr Banshi Saboo
India

Renza Scibilia
Australia

Miss Kgabo Thapelo Semenya
South Africa

Ms Jazz Sethi
Founder, Diabetes Foundation
India

Dr Rachel Swift
Australia

Charles Toomey
Co-founder, A4D
Thailand

Fei Wang PhD
Australia
Co-author

International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas Type 1 Diabetes in Adults Special Interest Group